St Paul VI
Reformer, Evangelist, Pilgrim, Diplomat
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Giovanni Battista Montini was born in Concesio, Brescia, on 26 September 1897. Ordained to the priesthood on 19 May 1920, he studied philosophy, civil law, and canon law. In 1923, he was appointed attaché at the Apostolic Nunciature in Warsaw and a year later returned and began serving in the Secretariat of State in the Vatican. During his service to the Holy See, under the Pontificates of Pius XI and Pius XII, he also taught the history of papal diplomacy at the Lateran University, until 13 December 1937 when Pius XI appointed him Substitute of the Secretariat of State. During World War II, he engaged in aiding refugees, and Jews, also overseeing the Vatican Information Office. In November 1952, he was appointed Pro-Secretary of State for General Affairs and two years later he was appointed Archbishop of Milan. There, he employed new methods of evangelization in order to address the issues of immigration, materialism, and Marxist ideology. On 21 June 1963, he was elected pope and took the name of Paul VI. Amid numerous challenges, he brought three periods of the Second Vatican Council to a successful conclusion, always encouraging the Church to be open in the modern world while respecting her tradition. Paul VI began the practice of Apostolic Journeys beginning with the Holy Land. His first encyclical, Ecclesiam Suam (1964), gave rise to the method of “the dialogue of salvation”. His other writings include Populorum Progressio on the development of peoples. He also provided masterful teaching on the question of peace, also instituting the World Day of Peace. From the very beginning of his ministry, he had particular concern for the young, sharing with them the joy of faith. After a brief illness, he died on 6 August 1978 in Castel Gandolfo. Pope Francis beatified him on 19 October 2014. He was canonized on 14 October 2018 by Pope Francis as St. Paul VI.